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JXB Advance Access published online on March 12, 2004
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erh103
© 2004 by Oxford University Press
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Received December 15, 2003; accepted January 18, 2004
© 2004 Society for Experimental Biology

RESEARCH PAPER

Characterization of promoter expression patterns derived from the Pht1 phosphate transporter genes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

P. H. D. Schünmann 1*, A. E. Richardson 1, F. W. Smith 2, and E. Delhaize 1

1 CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Graingene, PO Box 4186, Griffith, ACT 2603, Australia
2 CSIRO Plant Industry, 120 Meiers Rd, Indooroopilly, Brisbane, QLD 4068, Australia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: petra.schunmann{at}csiro.au.


  Abstract

By comparison with dicot plant species, relatively little work has been reported on the phosphate transporter (Pht1) gene family from monocot species. Initial studies have shown that barley contains at least eight homologous genes. The promoters of six of these genes were analysed for the presence of regulatory elements potentially associated with expression specificity. In particular, the P1BS-like elements (implicated in phosphorus-regulated expression of genes in plants) was identified in all HvPht1 promoters examined. For two members of the family (HvPht1;1 and HvPht1;2), promoter fusions to {beta}-glucuronidase and green fluorescent protein reporter genes were constructed, transformed into rice, and the expression profiles observed. The inclusion of an intron derived from Adh1 enhanced gene expression approximately 20-fold, but did not appear to affect the specificity of expression. The HvPht1;1 and HvPht1;2 promoters showed minor differences in expression patterns but, in general, expression was observed at high levels in trichoblast cells (root hairs) and stele of the nodal root, throughout secondary roots, and at a relatively low level in leaf tissues. Under phosphorus deficiency, expression was induced by up to 5-fold. These observations are consistent with a primary role for the encoded genes in the uptake of phosphate by root hairs from soil solution and further current understanding of the mechanisms involved. The promoters also have application for providing a new resource for cereal transformation, ideally suited for driving the expression of foreign genes associated with nutrient uptake.

Key words: Gene expression, intron, Pht1 gene family, phosphate transport, phosphorus, plant root, promoter.


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