JXB Advance Access published online on June 18, 2004
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erh163
© 2004 by Oxford University Press
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1 University of Florida, IFAS, Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850-2299, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jkbu{at}crec.ifas.ufl.edu.
© 2004 Society for Experimental Biology
RESEARCH PAPER
A
-galactosidase gene is expressed during mature fruit abscission of ‘Valencia’ orange (Citrus sinensis)
Abstract 
-galactosidases have been detected in a wide range of plants and are characterized by their ability to hydrolyse terminal non-reducing -D-galactosyl residues from -D-galactosides. These enzymes have been detected in a wide range of plant organs and tissues. In a search for differentially expressed genes during the abscission process in citrus, sequences encoding -galactosidase were identified. Three cDNA fragments of a -galactosidase gene were isolated from a cDNA subtraction library constructed from mature fruit abscission zones 48 h after the application of a mature fruit-specific abscission agent, 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (CMN-pyrazole). Based on sequence information derived from these fragments, a full-length cDNA of 2847 nucleotides (GenBank accession number AY029198) encoding -galactosidase was isolated from mature fruit abscission zones by 5'- and 3'-RACE approaches. The -galactosidase cDNA encoded a protein of 737 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 82 kDa. The deduced protein was highly homologous to plant -galactosidases expressed in fruit ripening. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that at least two closely related -galactosidase genes were present in ‘Valencia’ orange. Temporal expression patterns in mature fruit abscission zones indicated -galactosidase mRNA was detected 48 h after treatment of CMN-pyrazole and ethephon in mature fruit abscission zones. -galactosidase transcripts were detected in leaf abscission zones only after ethephon application. The citrus -galactosidase was expressed in stamens and petals of fully opened flowers and young fruitlets. The results suggest that this -galactosidase may play a role during abscission as well as early growth and development processes in flowers and fruitlets.
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