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JXB Advance Access published online on August 27, 2004
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erh244
© 2004 by Oxford University Press
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Received March 5, 2004
Accepted July 9, 2004

RESEARCH PAPER

Involvement of ethylene signalling in a non-climacteric fruit: new elements regarding the regulation of ADH expression in grapevine

Catherine Tesniere 1*, Martine Pradal 1, Asraf El-Kereamy 2, Laurent Torregrosa 3, Philippe Chatelet 3, Jean-Paul Roustan 4, Christian Chervin 4

1 UMR 1083, Science Pour l'Oenologie, Centre INRA/Agro-M, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 01, France
2 UMR 990, Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA-INP/ENSA Toulouse, BP 107, F-31326 Castanet, France; Present address: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, PO Box 68, Hadayek Shoubra, 11241 Cairo, Egypt
3 UMR 1098, Biologie des Espèces Pérennes Cultivées, Centre INRA/Agro-M, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 01, France
4 UMR 990, Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, INRA-INP/ENSA Toulouse, BP 107, F-31326 Castanet, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tesniere{at}ensam.inra.fr.


  Abstract

Although grape berries have been classified as non-climacteric fruits, ongoing studies on grape ethylene signalling challenge the role of ethylene in their ripening. One of the significant molecular changes in berries is the up-regulation of ADH (alcohol dehydrogenase, EC 1.1.1.1) enzyme activity at the inception of fruit ripening and of VvADH2 transcript levels. This paper shows that the ethylene signal transduction pathway could be involved in the control of VvADH2 expression in grapevine berries and in cell suspensions. The induction of VvADH2 transcription, either in berries at the inception of ripening or in cell suspensions, was found to be partly inhibited by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene receptors. Treatment of cell suspensions with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (2-CEPA), an ethylene-releasing compound, also resulted in a significant increase in ADH activity and VvADH2 transcription under anaerobiosis, showing that concomitant ethylene and anaerobic treatments in cell suspensions could result in changes in VvADH2 expression. All these results associated with the presence in the VvADH2 promoter of regulatory elements for ethylene and anaerobic response, suggest that the ethylene transduction pathway and anaerobic stress could be, in part, involved in the regulation of VvADH2 expression in ripening berries and cell suspensions. These data open new aspects of the expression control of a ripening-related gene in a non-climacteric fruit.

Keywords: Alcohol dehydrogenase; anaerobiosis; anoxia; fruit development; ethylene; 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP); suspension cells; Vitis vinifera.
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