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JXB Advance Access published online on December 6, 2004
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/eri045
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Journal of Experimental Botany © Society for Experimental Biology 2004; all rights reserved
Received February 20, 2004
Accepted October 5, 2004

RESEARCH PAPER

The dependence of leaf hydraulic conductance on irradiance during HPFM measurements: any role for stomatal response?

Melvin T. Tyree 1, Andrea Nardini 2*, Sebastiano Salleo 2, Lawren Sack 3, and Bouchra El Omari 4

1 USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Experiment Station, 705 Spear St., Burlington, VT 05403, USA
2 Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Trieste, Via L Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italia
3 Department of Botany, University of Hawaii, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
4 Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidad de Barcelona, 645 Avda. Diagonal, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Andrea Nardini, E-mail: nardini{at}univ.trieste.it


  Abstract

This paper examines the dependence of whole leaf hydraulic conductance to liquid water (KL) on irradiance when measured with a high pressure flowmeter (HPFM). During HPFM measurements, water is perfused into leaves faster than it evaporates hence water infiltrates leaf air spaces and must pass through stomates in the liquid state. Since stomates open and close under high versus low irradiance, respectively, the possibility exists that KL might change with irradiance if stomates close tightly enough to restrict water movement. However, the dependence of KL on irradiance could be due to a direct effect of irradiance on the hydraulic properties of other tissues in the leaf. In the present study, KL increased with irradiance for 6 of the 11 species tested. Whole leaf conductance to water vapour, gL, was used as a proxy for stomatal aperture and the time-course of changes in KL and gL was studied during the transition from low to high irradiance and from high to low irradiance. Experiments showed that in some species KL changes were not paralleled by gL changes. Measurements were also done after perfusion of leaves with ABA which inhibited the gL response to irradiance. These leaves showed the same KL response to irradiance as control leaves. These experimental results and theoretical calculations suggest that the irradiance dependence of KL is more consistent with an effect on extravascular (and/or vascular) tissues rather than stomatal aperture. Irradiance-mediated stimulation of aquaporins or hydrogel effects in leaf tracheids may be involved.

Keywords: Hydraulic conductance; HPFM; irradiance; leaf conductance; stomates.
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