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JXB Advance Access published online on April 25, 2005
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/eri157
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received January 18, 2005
Accepted March 10, 2005

RESEARCH PAPER

Altered photosynthetic performance of a natural Arabidopsis accession is associated with atrazine resistance

Mohamed E. El-Lithy 1, Gustavo C. Rodrigues 2, Jack J. S. van Rensen 3, Jan F. H. Snel 4, Hans J. H. A. Dassen 3, Maarten Koornneef 5, Marcel A. K. Jansen 6, Mark G. M. Aarts 5, and Dick Vreugdenhil 3*

1 Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
2 Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands; Present address: EMBRAPA-Cerrados, Planaltina-DF, Brazil
3 Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
4 Plant Research International, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
5 Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
6 Department of Plant Sciences (ZEPS), University College Cork, Distillery Field, North Mall, Cork, Ireland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Dick Vreugdenhil, E-mail: Dick.Vreugdenhil{at}wur.nl


  Abstract

Natural variation for photosynthetic traits was studied by determining chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in a collection of Arabidopsis accessions. This screen revealed only one single accession (Ely), exhibiting photosynthetic characteristics markedly different from all others, while a few lines showed small but significant variation. Detailed genetic and physiological analyses showed reduced fitness for Ely compared with the standard laboratory strain Ler for various growth parameters. At low temperature (15 °C), Ely had a higher electron transport rate than Ler, indicating increased photosystem II efficiency under this condition, while at high temperature (30 °C) the opposite was observed. Ely had a high sensitivity to UV-B radiation compared with Ler and was atrazine resistant. This atrazine-resistance and related chlorophyll fluorescence traits were maternally inherited, pointing towards chloroplast-located gene(s). Definite proof that Ely is atrazine-resistant was obtained by sequencing the psbA gene, encoding the D1 protein of photosystem II, revealing a point mutation causing the same amino acid change as found in other atrazine-resistant species. Additional nuclear encoded genetic variation was also present, as was concluded from the small but significant differences in phenotype between Ely and its reciprocal crosses with Ler. It was concluded that the photosynthetic yield is highly conserved and that only severe selection pressure results in marked variations in photosynthetic performance.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; atrazine; chlorophyll fluorescence; oxygen evolution; photoinhibition; temperature; UV-B.
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