JXB Advance Access published online on July 12, 2005
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/eri229
1 School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; CRC for Plant-Based Management of Dryland Salinity, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Eight wild Hordeum species: H. bogdanii, H. intercedens, H. jubatum, H. lechleri, H. marinum, H. murinum, H. patagonicum, and H. secalinum, and cultivated barley (H. vulgare) were grown in nutrient solution containing 0.2 (control), 150, 300, or 450 mol m-3 NaCl. In saline conditions, the wild Hordeum species (except H. murinum) had better Na+ and Cl- ‘exclusion’, and maintained higher leaf K+, compared with H. vulgare. For example, at 150 mol m-3 NaCl, the K+:Na+ in the youngest, fully expanded leaf blades of the wild Hordeum species was, on average, 5.2 compared with 0.8 in H. vulgare. In H. marinum grown in 300 mol m-3 NaCl, K+ contributed 35% to leaf
Received September 15, 2004
Accepted May 16, 2005
RESEARCH PAPER
Salt tolerance in wild Hordeum species is associated with restricted entry of Na+ and Cl- into the shoots
2 Genetic Resources Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
Timothy D. Colmer, E-mail: tdcolmer{at}cyllene.uwa.edu.au
Abstract 
, whereas Na+ and Cl- accounted for only 6% and 10%, respectively. By comparison, in H. vulgare grown at 300 mol m-3 NaCl, K+ accounted for 19% and Na+ and Cl- made up 21% and 25% of leaf , respectively. At 300 mol m-3 NaCl, glycinebetaine and proline together contributed almost 15% to in the expanding leaf blades of H. marinum, compared with 8% in H. vulgare. Decreased tissue water content under saline conditions made a substantial contribution to declines in leaf in the wild Hordeum species, but not in H. vulgare. A number of the wild Hordeum species were markedly more salt tolerant than H. vulgare. H. marinum and H. intercedens, as examples, had relative growth rates 30% higher than H. vulgare in 450 mol m-3 NaCl. Hordeum vulgare also suffered up to 6-fold more dead leaf material (as a proportion of shoot dry mass) than the wild Hordeum species. Thus, several salt-tolerant wild Hordeum species were identified, and these showed an exceptional capacity to ‘exclude’ Na+ and Cl- from their shoots.
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