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JXB Advance Access published online on November 16, 2005
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erj007
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received July 20, 2005
Accepted September 28, 2005

RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of genetic manipulation of alcohol dehydrogenase levels on the response to stress and the synthesis of secondary metabolites in grapevine leaves

Catherine Tesniere 1 *, Laurent Torregrosa 2, Martine Pradal 1, Jean-Marc Souquet 1, Christine Gilles 2, Karine Dos Santos 3, Philippe Chatelet 2, and Ziya Gunata 3

1 UMR 1083, Sciences Pour l'Oenologie, Centre INRA/Agro-M, 2 Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 01, France
2 UMR 1098, Biologie des Espèces Pérennes Cultivées, Centre INRA/Agro-M, 2 Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 01, France
3 UMR1212, Ingénierie des Réactions Biologiques--Bioproductions, Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Catherine Tesniere, E-mail: tesniere{at}ensam.inra.fr


  Abstract

The functional role of Adh in regulating susceptibility to abiotic stress and the synthesis of secondary metabolites was investigated in transgenic grapevine plants over- and underexpressing alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh). Plants were transformed with gene constructs containing a sense or antisense orientated grapevine VvAdh2 cDNA under the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Plants transformed with either antisense orientation or the Adh-less construct displayed a low but detectable constitutive ADH activity, whereas plants transformed with the sense-expressed transgene showed a significantly higher (100-fold) ADH activity than the control. Compared with the control, the sense transgene induced an overexpression of VvAdh2 transcripts, whereas a reduced VvAdh2 expression was detected in antisense transformants. Grapevine plants overexpressing Adh displayed a lower sucrose content, a higher degree of polymerization of proanthocyanidins, and a generally increased content of volatile compounds, mainly in carotenoid- and shikimate-derived volatiles. In general, no significant differences between sense/antisense transformants were observed with regard to carotenoid and chlorophyll contents, suggesting a strong metabolic regulation of the synthesis of these compounds.

Keywords: Abiotic stress; alcohol dehydrogenase; carotenoids; grapevine; phenolic compounds; sugar content; transformants; volatile compounds.
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