JXB Advance Access published online on November 16, 2005
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erj011
1 Business Unit Bioscience, Plant Research International, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. MADS-box transcription factors are major regulators of development in flowering plants. The factors act in a combinatorial manner, either as homo- or heterodimers, and they control floral organ formation and identity and many other developmental processes through a complex network of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. Despite the fact that many studies have been carried out to elucidate MADS-box protein dimerization by yeast systems, very little information is available on the behaviour of these molecules in planta. Here, evidence for specific interactions between the petunia MADS-box proteins FBP2, FBP11, and FBP24 is provided in vivo. The dimers identified in yeast for the ovule-specific FBP24 protein have been confirmed in living plant cells by means of fluorescence resonance energy transfer-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and, in addition, some of the most likely, less stable homo- and heterodimers were identified. This in vivo approach revealed that particular dimers could only be detected in specific sub-nuclear domains. In addition, evidence for the in planta assembly of these ovule-specific MADS-box transcription factors into higher-order complexes is provided.
Received May 24, 2005
Accepted October 3, 2005
FOCUS PAPER
In vivo imaging of MADS-box transcription factor interactions
Isabella A. Nougalli Tonaco 1,
Jan Willem Borst 2,
Sacco C. de Vries 3,
Gerco C. Angenent 1,
and
Richard G. H. Immink 1 *
2 Department of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, PO Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, The Netherlands; Microspectroscopy Centre, Wageningen University, PO Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, The Netherlands
3 Department of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, PO Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, The Netherlands
Richard G. H. Immink, E-mail: Richard.Immink{at}wur.nl
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