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JXB Advance Access published online on January 16, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erj061
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. The online version of this article has been published under an Open Access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the Open Access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and the Society for Experimental Biology are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received May 17, 2005
Accepted November 16, 2005

RESEARCH PAPER

Differential adaptation of two varieties of common bean to abiotic stress. II. Acclimation of photosynthesis

Mark Wentworth 1, Erik H. Murchie 1, Julie E. Gray 1, Daniel Villegas 2, Claudio Pastenes 2, Manuel Pinto 2, and Peter Horton 1 *

1 Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
2 Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 1004, Santiago, Chile

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Peter Horton, E-mail: p.horton{at}sheffield.ac.uk


  Abstract

The photosynthetic characteristics of two contrasting varieties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) have been determined. These varieties, Arroz and Orfeo, differ in their productivity under stress conditions, resistance to drought stress, and have distinctly different stomatal behaviour. When grown under conditions of high irradiance and high temperature, both varieties displayed evidence of photosynthetic acclimation at the chloroplast level--there was an increase in chlorophyll a/b ratio, a decreased content of Lhcb proteins, and an increased xanthophyll cycle pool size. Both varieties also showed reduced chlorophyll content on a leaf area basis and a decrease in leaf area. Both varieties showed an increase in leaf thickness but only Arroz showed the characteristic elongated palisade cells in the high light-grown plants; Orfeo instead had a larger number of smaller, rounded cells. Differences were found in stomatal development: whereas Arroz showed very little change in stomatal density, Orfeo exhibited a large increase, particularly on the upper leaf surface. It is suggested that these differences in leaf cell structure and stomatal density give rise to altered rates of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. Whereas, Arroz had the same photosynthetic rate in plants grown at both low and high irradiance, Orfeo showed a higher photosynthetic capacity at high irradiance. It is suggested that the higher yield of Orfeo compared with Arroz under stress conditions can be explained, in part, by these cellular differences.

Keywords: Abiotic stress; acclimation; common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); drought; photosynthesis; stomata.
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