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JXB Advance Access published online on May 10, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erj152
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received November 4, 2005
Accepted February 1, 2006

RESEARCH PAPER

Distribution of current photosynthate in two Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) cultivars

D. D. Carvalho 1, L. J. Irving 2, R. A. Carnevalli 3, J. Hodgson 2, and C. Matthew 2 *

1 Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Instituto de Zootecnia, CP60, CEP 13460-000, Nova Odessa, SP, Brazil
2 Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
3 Embrapa Arroz e Feijão-NRCO, Rod. GO 462, km 12, CP 179, CEP 75375-000, Santo Antonio de Goias/GO, Brazil

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
C. Matthew, E-mail: c.matthew{at}massey.ac.nz


  Abstract

In a glasshouse experiment, different tiller categories (main, young primary, and old primary) of two Guinea grass cultivars, Mombaça and Tanzânia, were 14C-labelled to investigate C translocation between tillers. In both cultivars, young primary tillers retained less radiocarbon (79%) than main (86%) and old primary (87%) labelled tillers, suggesting that the photosynthetic capacity of the young tillers exceeds their capacity either to store or use that photosynthate for growth and maintenance. In cv. Tanzânia the old primary tillers translocated more photoassimilate to their daughter tillers and to the rest of the plant than cv. Mombaça, suggesting either higher vascular connectivity between tillers or stronger diurnal fluctuations in sink-source balance in Tanzânia than Mombaça. For unlabelled tillers, specific activities were almost always higher in roots than in shoots, although total radiocarbon uptake by roots was reduced in younger tillers with low root mass. Where young primary tillers were labelled, the largest single repository of exported photoassimilate was the main tiller roots, indicating that daughter tillers may make an important contribution to the maintenance of older roots on mature tillers.

Keywords: Carbon translocation; Panicum maximum; source-sink; specific activity; tiller hierarchy.
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