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JXB Advance Access published online on July 10, 2006
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erl047
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© The Author [2006]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received January 27, 2006
Accepted April 27, 2006

RESEARCH PAPER

The high grain protein content gene Gpc-B1 accelerates senescence and has pleiotropic effects on protein content in wheat

Cristobal Uauy 1, Juan Carlos Brevis 1, and Jorge Dubcovsky 1 *

1 Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Jorge Dubcovsky, E-mail: jdubcovsky{at}ucdavis.edu


  Abstract

High grain protein content (GPC) is a frequent target of wheat breeding programmes because of its positive effect on bread and pasta quality. A wild wheat allele at the Gpc-B1 locus with a significant impact on this trait was identified previously. The precise mapping of several senescence-related traits in a set of tetraploid recombinant substitution lines (RSLs) segregating for Gpc-B1 is reported here. Flag leaf chlorophyll degradation, change in peduncle colour, and spike water content were completely linked to the Gpc-B1 locus and to the differences in GPC within a 0.3 cM interval corresponding to a physical distance of only 250 kb. The effect of Gpc-B1 was also examined in different environments and genetic backgrounds using a set of tetraploid and hexaploid pairs of isogenic lines. The results were consistent with those observed in the RSLs. The high GPC allele conferred a shorter duration of grain fill due to earlier flag leaf senescence and increased GPC in all four genetic backgrounds. The effect on grain size was more variable, depending on the genotype-environment combinations. These results are consistent with a model in which the wild-type allele of Gpc-B1 accelerates senescence in flag leaves producing pleiotropic effects on nitrogen remobilization, total GPC, and grain size.

Keywords: Grain protein content; nitrogen remobilization; senescence; thousand kernel weight; Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides; wheat.
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