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JXB Advance Access published online on February 5, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erl287
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© The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

OPINION PAPER

Towards a virtual fruit focusing on quality: modelling features and potential uses

M Génard1,*, N Bertin1, C Borel1, P Bussières1, H Gautier1, R Habib1, M Léchaudel2, A Lecomte1, F Lescourret1, P Lobit3 and B Quilot4

1UR1115 Plantes et systèmes de culture horticoles, INRA, F-84000 Avignon, France
2Département des Productions Fruitières et Horticoles, CIRAD Station Bassin Plat, BP 180, F-97455 Saint Pierre Cedex, Ile de la Réunion, France
3Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Km. 9.5, Carretera Morelia-Zinapecuaro, Unidad Posta Zootecnica, Tarimbaro Michoacán, Mexico
4UR1052 Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes, INRA, F-84000 Avignon, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: michel.genard{at}avignon.inra.fr

The fruit is a hierarchically organized organ composed of cells from different tissues. Its quality, defined by traits such as fruit size and composition, is the result of a complex chain of biological processes. These processes involve exchanges (transpiration, respiration, photosynthesis, phloem and xylem fluxes, and ethylene emission) between the fruit and its environment (atmosphere or plant), tissue differentiation, and cell functioning (division, endoreduplication, expansion, metabolic transformations, and vacuolar storage). In order to progress in our understanding of quality development, it is necessary to analyse the fruit as a system, in which processes interact. In this case, a process-based modelling approach is particularly powerful. Such a modelling approach is proposed to develop a future ‘virtual fruit’ model. The value of a virtual fruit for agronomists and geneticists is also discussed.

Key words: Complexity, fruit, hierarchy, integrative biology, model, quality, system


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