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JXB Advance Access published online on October 8, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erm181
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© 2007 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see chttp://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Infection process and the interaction of rice roots with rhizobia

Francine M. Perrine-Walker, Joko Prayitno, Barry G. Rolfe*, Jeremy J. Weinman and Charles H. Hocart

1ARC Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume Research, Genomic Interactions Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rolfe{at}rsbs.anu.edu.au

Most rhizobial strains inhibit rice root growth in the presence of calcium or potassium nitrates, but not ammonium nitrate. Certain rhizobial strains, however, such as strain R4, do not inhibit rice growth and can enter rice roots and multiply in the intercellular spaces. By using the green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a visual marker, it was found that Rhizobium became intimately associated with rice seedling roots within 24–48 h. During this initial period it was observed that strain R4 could cause structural changes resembling infection threads within the rice root hairs. Generally, the sites of the emerging lateral roots provide a temporary entry point for rhizobia, either by root hair entry or crack entry. All tested GFP-labelled Rhizobium strains infected the root hairs near the base of growing lateral roots. This study suggests that some strains may have the ability to infect rice root tissues via root hairs located at the emerging lateral roots and to spread extensively throughout the rice root.

Key words: Green fluorescent protein, infection, non-legumes, Rhizobium, Rhizobium–rice association, rice growth inhibition, short lateral roots

Received 27 May 2007; Revised 9 July 2007 Accepted 13 July 2007


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