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JXB Advance Access published online on November 27, 2007
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erm269
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© 2007 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)

RESEARCH PAPER

Characterization of Vitis vinifera L. somatic variants exhibiting abnormal flower development patterns

Philippe Chatelet1,2, Valérie Laucou2, Lucie Fernandez3, Lekha Sreekantan4, Thierry Lacombe2, José Miguel Martinez-Zapater3, Mark R. Thomas4 and Laurent Torregrosa2,*

1INRA-UMR DAP, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 01, France
2INRA/SupAgro-UMR DIA-PC, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 01, France
3CNB, Genética Molecular de Plantas, C/Darwin 3 Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
4CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 350, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: laurent.torregrosa{at}supagro.inra.fr

Mutants have proven to be a key resource for functional genomic studies in model annual plant species. In perennial plant species where mutants are difficult to generate and to screen, spontaneous somatic variants represent a unique resource to understand the genetic control of complex developmental patterns. The morphological and histological characterization of six Vitis vinifera L. somatic variants that display four different abnormal phenotypes of flower development are described here. A phenotype of reiterated reproductive meristems (RRM), with both flower and petal reiteration, was observed in a somatic variant of the cultivar Carignan. An abnormal development of reproductive organs was displayed by the unfused carpels (UFC) somatic variant of cv. Bouchalès, while a somatic variant of cv. Mourvèdre named carpel-less (CLS) developed abnormal ovules in the absence of carpels. Finally, three independent somatic variants in cvs Gamay, Morrastel, and Pinot displayed a phenotype of multiple perianth whorls (MPW). Gene expression studies showed that the expression profiles of VvMADS-box 1, 2, and 3 (putative orthologues of Arabidopsis flowering genes AG, SEP, and AGL13), were altered during grapevine flower development in the somatic variants, whereas the corresponding original cultivars displayed similar VvMADS-box gene expression profiles. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of these variants allowed the development of hypotheses on genetic functions that might be altered in most of the variants in light of the current ABCDE flower model.

Key words: Flower development, grapevine, MADS-box, reproductive organs, somatic variants

Received 6 July 2007; Revised 3 October 2007 Accepted 8 October 2007


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