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JXB Advance Access published online on April 7, 2009
Journal of Experimental Botany, doi:10.1093/jxb/erp069
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© The Author [2009]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

RESEARCH PAPER

Photosynthesis limitations during water stress acclimation and recovery in the drought-adapted Vitis hybrid Richter-110 (V. berlandierixV. rupestris)

Jaume Flexas1,*, Matilde Barón2, Josefina Bota1, Jean-Marc Ducruet3, Alexander Gallé1, Jeroni Galmés1, Miguel Jiménez4, Alícia Pou1, Miquel Ribas-Carbó1, Carlota Sajnani2, Magdalena Tomàs1 and Hipólito Medrano1

1Grup de Recerca en Biologia de les Plantes en Condicions Mediterrànies, Departament de Biologia (UIB-IMEDEA), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Balears, Spain
2Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain
3Biospectroscopie Végétale, ESE/INRA, Université Paris-Sud, F-91400 Orsay, France
4Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), Paraje San Nicolás s/n, E-04745 La Mojonera, Almería, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: jaume.flexas{at}uib.es

The hybrid Richter-110 (Vitis berlandierixVitis rupestris) has the reputation of being a genotype strongly adapted to drought. A study was performed with plants of R-110 subjected to sustained water-withholding to induce acclimation to two different levels of water stress, followed by rewatering to induce recovery. The goal was to analyse how photosynthesis is regulated during acclimation to water stress and recovery. In particular, the regulation of stomatal conductance (gs), mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm), leaf photochemistry (chlorophyll fluorescence and thermoluminescence), and biochemistry (Vc,max) were assessed. During water stress, gs declined to 0.1 and less than 0.05 mol CO2 m–2 s–1 in moderately and severely water-stressed plants, respectively, and was kept quite constant during an acclimation period of 1-week. Leaf photochemistry proved to be very resistant to the applied water-stress conditions. By contrast, gm and Vc,max were affected by water stress, but they were not kept constant during the acclimation period. gm was initially unaffected by water stress, and Vc,max even increased above control values. However, after several days of acclimation to water stress, both parameters declined below (gm) or at (Vc,max) control values. For the latter two parameters there seemed to be an interaction between water stress and cumulative irradiance, since both recovered to control values after several cloudy days despite water stress. A photosynthesis limitation analysis revealed that diffusional limitations and not biochemical limitations accounted for the observed decline in photosynthesis during water stress and slow recovery after rewatering, both in moderately and severely stressed plants. However, the relative contribution of stomatal (SL) and mesophyll conductance (MCL) limitations changes during acclimation to water stress, from predominant SL early during water stress to similar SL and MCL after acclimation. Finally, photosynthesis recovery after rewatering was mostly limited by SL, since stomatal closure recovered much more slowly than gm.

Key words: Drought, mesophyll conductance, photochemistry, photosynthetic limitations, stomatal conductance, Rubisco, thermoluminescence, water stress

Received 17 November 2008; Revised 16 February 2009 Accepted 17 February 2009


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